When it comes to common vision issues, few terms cause as much confusion as astigmatism. Many people hear the word during an eye exam but aren’t quite sure what it truly means. Understanding the meaning of astigmatism can help you recognise what’s happening with your eyesight and why certain symptoms occur.

Astigmatism: What Is It Exactly?

The simplest way to explain astigmatism is this: astigmatism is a refractive error caused by an irregular shaped cornea or lens. Instead of being perfectly round like a football, the eye’s surface is shaped more like a rugby ball. This uneven curvature prevents light from focusing in one point on the retina.  In fact, it results in two points of focus, due to the two different curves and this results in blurry or distorted vision at all distances.

Astigmatism isn’t a disease and doesn’t typically develop because of poor eye habits. It’s simply a variation in the eye’s shape, and most people have some degree of it. In many cases, it’s mild and goes unnoticed. When more pronounced, however, it can interfere with daily activities such as reading, driving, and using digital devices.

Common Symptoms of Astigmatism

Understanding the meaning of astigmatism also involves recognising its symptoms. While blurry vision is the most well-known sign, astigmatism can also cause:

• Distorted or “stretched” appearance of objects
• Ghosting of images
• Glare, haloes or flares of light around light
• Difficulty seeing when driving at night
• Squinting to see more clearly
• If uncorrected, headaches and eye fatigue

If you experience these symptoms regularly, it’s important to schedule a comprehensive eye exam. Astigmatism is often discovered through routine testing, even when patients don’t realise something is wrong.

What Causes Astigmatism?

Astigmatism can be present from birth or develop gradually over time. In many cases, it occurs alongside shortsight and longsight. Genetics can play a role, but injuries, surgeries, or conditions like keratoconus can also affect the shape of the cornea.

Contrary to popular belief, astigmatism isn’t caused by reading in low light or sitting too close to a screen.

Treatment Options for Astigmatism

The good news is that astigmatism is highly treatable. Depending on the degree and your lifestyle needs, options include:

1. Eyeglasses:

Prescription lenses can correct the full prescription including astigmatism, providing clear, stable vision.

2. Contact lenses:

Toric contact lenses are designed specifically for astigmatism and come in daily, bi-weekly, and monthly options.

3. Specialty lenses:

Custom fit lenses may be recommended for irregular corneas.

4. Laser vision correction:

Procedures such as Lenticular Extraction, LASIK and PRK can reshape the cornea, including the correction of astigmatism, to provide long-term correction.  As well as lens based refractive procedures, such as ICL’s (implantable contact lenses) and lens replacement.

Your eye specialist will help determine the most effective solution based on your unique vision needs.

Understanding the meaning of astigmatism is the first step toward better vision. While the condition is common, the symptoms can significantly impact your everyday life if left uncorrected. With a proper exam and personalised treatment plan, you can enjoy sharp, comfortable vision once again. If you suspect you may have astigmatism or it’s been a while since your last eye exam, Vision Care Clinic is here to help.

Book your comprehensive consultation today.